One among my favourite moments in George Balanchine’s Rubies is when the soloist, often known as the “Tall Girl,” emerges from the corps de ballet and finds herself at heart stage. She fastidiously locations every foot in a large second place—an exaggerated stance, ft aside and turned out—and beckons the 4 males of the corps towards her. They arrive one after the other, separated by the staccato notes of Igor Stravinsky’s Capriccio for Piano and Orchestra. Collectively they manipulate her physique, a person at every limb: one stretches her prolonged leg in a developpé so far as her flexibility will take it, then turns her en pointe so she’s standing in an arabesque, whereas one other grabs her foot from behind because the others work to stability her. They weave by means of her limbs earlier than setting her again on two ft.
She’s meant to be tall (“Amazonian,” because the critic Nancy Goldner as soon as wrote) and with out a companion. She doesn’t want these males for lengthy. After the sequence she makes her option to stage left and performs three arabesque penchés—extending one leg behind and leaning ahead to kind a 180-degree angle, establishing her “line” from supporting heel to prolonged toe. The eight girls of the corps mirror her like understudies at a rehearsal, whereas the lads face her reverently. She personifies the corps; they’re led by her and be taught from her.
The arabesque penché is central to Rubies, executed time and again by the corps and the principals. Balanchine taught his dancers to open the hip of their outstretched legs, as a substitute of squaring each hips ahead, with a purpose to lengthen the extension. The gesture turned bolder and extra aerodynamic in his choreography; his methodology modified how dancers may transfer. As Joan Acocella as soon as wrote, “The better the dancer’s first arabesque penché—the more exact, the more spirited, the more singing its line—the more he or she will embody the promise of the ancient Greeks, lasting at least up to Keats, that beauty, truth, and virtue are inseparable, that we live in a good world.”
In Rubies the Apollonian perfect of magnificence, reality, and advantage is an American refrain woman. The dance premiered in New York in 1967 because the second act of Balanchine’s Jewels, a three-act ballet by which gems represented nations he cherished. Emeralds, choreographed to Gabriel Fauré’s Pelléas et Mélisande and Shylock, symbolized the sunshine class of France, the place, after defecting from the Soviet Union in 1924, Balanchine had collaborated with Sergei Diaghilev’s Ballets Russes. Rubies stood for the jazzy newness of America, the place in 1948 he cofounded New York Metropolis Ballet with Lincoln Kirstein; it additionally paid tribute to his pal Stravinsky, with whom he labored carefully on his neoclassical ballets, most famously Apollo (1928) and Agon (1957). Diamonds, set to Tchaikovsky’s Symphony No. 3 in D Main, was an homage to the grand classicism of Russia, the place Balanchine had skilled in his youth in the course of the revolution.
Jewels was additionally molded to the personalities of Balanchine’s dancers. Emeralds was for the subtly elegant Mimi Paul and Violette Verdy, who as soon as in contrast herself to a French poodle in an organization of “greyhounds and borzois.” Diamonds was for the aristocratic grace of Suzanne Farrell, with whom Balanchine was in love on the time. Rubies was for Patricia McBride and Edward Villella—“kids from New Jersey and Queens,” Jennifer Homans wrote in her current biography of Balanchine, Mr. B.—who displayed a bombastic, jaunty power onstage. Balanchine solid Patricia Neary, exact, with an enormous character, because the Tall Lady.
Rubies is cut up between the Tall Lady’s corps and the couple. They take turns making room for one another till the tip, when the corps, Tall Lady, and principals dance in synchrony because the music swells. The choreography is a fever of lengthy limbs, jutting hips, and angled balances that also feels refreshing—innovation and abstraction stay its essence. Sometimes, as in its unique staging at Lincoln Heart, the ladies dance in brief skirts dripping with crimson crystal beads that clink as they transfer, harking back to the glitzy, leg-baring costumes of Broadway musicals, a few of which Balanchine choreographed within the Nineteen Thirties throughout his stint in showbiz. The principals trot as if on horseback, mime leaping rope, and high-five as a warm-up earlier than throwing themselves into leaps and daring off-center arabesques, like in Agon. As Goldner identified, the fundamental stance in Rubies is the refrain woman’s turned-in leg; the jutted hips additionally evoke Bob Fosse. At one level the Tall Lady will get swung round by every man within the corps in a do-si-do, recalling Balanchine’s Western Symphony (1954). Stravinsky wrote the capriccio not lengthy after he defected, between 1928 and 1929, partially to assist himself financially. It veers out and in of an elaborate piano melody that brings to thoughts cabaret.
Like Balanchine’s different work, Rubies has been restaged by totally different firms world wide. Every restaging is a chance for a rereading, however the ballet nonetheless appears to symbolize what it did when it premiered: Metropolis Ballet’s centrality to American dance, and American dance’s centrality to the current and the way forward for the artwork kind.
Ballet was introduced from Italy to France in the course of the Renaissance, when Henri II married Catherine de Medici, and from there unfold throughout Europe. Within the early eighteenth century Peter the Nice, as a part of his undertaking of Europeanizing imperial Russia, sought to create a ballet theater; a century later Marius Petipa, a Frenchman, arrived in St. Petersburg, the place he went on to choreograph The Nutcracker, Sleeping Magnificence, and La Bayadère, amongst different works that got here to outline the canon and gave classical ballet a Russian identification. For this reason Jewels proved to be such a superb metaphor for ballet’s trajectory, even when Balanchine was impressed to choreograph it after visiting the showroom of the jewelers Van Cleef and Arpels. Rubies, in any case, had been imported to Europe from East Asia in the course of the Center Ages. In 1960 the California-based engineer Theodore H. Maiman invented the laser, by which an artificial ruby rod, positioned between two mirrors, is pumped stuffed with white mild to create a slim directional beam. (In 1969 a ruby laser was used to measure the gap between Earth and the moon.) At Lincoln Heart, the ladies dancing Rubies achieve this not beneath a crystal chandelier, as in Diamonds, however between crimson cylindrical lighting columns. When their legs click on out, they appear like laser beams.
New York Metropolis Ballet/Erin Baiano
Megan Fairchild and Anthony Huxley performing George Balanchine’s Rubies with the New York Metropolis Ballet on the David H. Koch Theater, New York Metropolis, 2024
Jewels appears to embody ballet’s historical past, beginning with France and ending with Russia. Sandwiched between, nonetheless, was a brand new terrain: America. In a 1979 TV broadcast known as “Baryshnikov at the White House,” Mikhail Baryshnikov carried out 4 ballets, together with Rubies, with Heather Watts as his companion. This was towards the tip of the chilly struggle; Baryshnikov, america’s most celebrated dancer, had defected from the Soviet Union 5 years earlier. He and Watts slink into one another in a ballet created by one other defector, their costumes’ crimson crystals catching the sunshine of the chandelier over the White Home stage. The picture recommended that the way forward for ballet was American.
Almost 4 a long time later, in 2017, New York Metropolis Ballet carried out Jewels on the Lincoln Heart Pageant with a twist: acts had been assigned for the nationality of the businesses. Emeralds was carried out by the Paris Opera Ballet, and as an additional problem, on successive nights Rubies and Diamonds toggled casts between the Bolshoi and Metropolis Ballet. Many years after the Iron Curtain had fallen, the brand new diplomatic globalism nearly appeared prefer it may final endlessly, and the manufacturing resembled a pleasant, Olympic-style competitors. Of their evaluations, each Acocella and Robert Gottlieb begrudgingly accepted that the nationalist methodology labored effectively visually: Paris Opera returned some delicacy to Emeralds, Metropolis Ballet pulled out all of the stops for Rubies, and the Bolshoi introduced technical virtuosity and sweetness to Diamonds. However with Rubies, based on Gottlieb, the Bolshoi gave “the worst performance I’ve seen in half a century,” proving, maybe, that it was the ballet most reliant on Balanchine-style coaching.
Maybe no firm will ever dance Rubies in addition to the 1967 Metropolis Ballet, even within the firm’s fashionable iteration, which inevitably performs the ballet within the shadow of Villella and McBride. Jewels was restaged in its entirety in the course of the fall 2023 season, then Rubies was excerpted within the following spring. I noticed the revival in Could on the Spring Gala, a part of the corporate’s yearlong seventy-fifth anniversary celebration. Meghan Fairchild and Anthony Huxley had been the principals. Although mild and playful, they had been outshone by Mira Nadon, magisterial and seductive because the Tall Lady. We by no means fairly noticed the tip of her extension, giving the impression of limitless potential, which was becoming because the gala was concerning the firm’s future.
McBride has mentioned that whereas rehearsing for the premiere of Rubies she introduced her arms inward throughout a collection of pique turns to reflect the corps de ballet. Balanchine favored the transfer, and it turned the usual. Goldner in contrast the principal’s arms in Rubies to hen wings, versus the swan arms of Petipa’s Swan Lake. I believe the dancer depicts a lady who has discovered that she will transfer faster along with her legs than along with her wings. However that night time Fairchild made it look extra like a shrug, as if to say, Sure, I’m right here once more. Final fall on the launch of Metropolis Ballet’s anniversary season, I had seen Rubies carried out by Emma Von Enck, who was making her premiere within the position, and he or she was breathtaking, spry and charismatic, because the choreography deserves. I questioned why a program celebrating the corporate’s future didn’t function one among its most enjoyable principals.
On the Spring Gala, following Rubies was Dig the Say, a brief ballet by Justin Peck (doubtless all he had time for whereas his celebrated Broadway present, Illinoise, was in full swing), by which Tiler Peck (no relation) and Roman Mejia toss a crimson ball backwards and forwards, by turns playful and aggressive. The piece was fleshy and, in stark distinction to Rubies, fairly twee, which is Peck’s modus operandi lately. The night time concluded with Amy Corridor Garner’s first work for Metropolis Ballet, Beneath, There Is Gentle, an extended dance that places acquainted motifs—birds, daylight, mourning—to stunning however over-literal use. It appeared the ladies had been miming pecking beaks and preening feathers with their fingers because the stage lights simulated dawn and the sounds of chirping birds and the sluggish, mournful strings of Ottorino Respighi’s The Pines of Rome pale out.
New York Metropolis Ballet/Erin Baiano
Anthony Huxley, Mira Nadon, Megan Fairchild, and the corporate of New York Metropolis Ballet performing George Balanchine’s Rubies on the David H. Koch Theater, New York Metropolis, 2024
In a speech that night time, Wendy Whelan, New York Metropolis Ballet’s affiliate inventive director, mentioned that this system represented the corporate’s view of classical ballet within the twenty-first century. It was an assertion about ballet’s declare to progress, implying that Metropolis Ballet—and due to this fact American ballet—nonetheless has a stake in the way forward for the artwork kind, nonetheless grounded that kind stays previously. Rubies is a ballet rooted in a time extra distant to us as we speak than Petipa’s Imperial ballets had been to Balanchine. And but it by no means feels rote or old school. In one of many dance’s well-known poses, Huxley holds each of Fairchild’s fingers as she balances along with her leg prolonged outwards in second place, leaning thus far she’d fall in the event that they unclasped. I used to be shut sufficient to see the faintest quiver of their arms as they labored to carry on.
